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First-Party Data Best Practices for Grocery Commerce (2025)

Stan Byun
VP of Strategy

The digital advertising landscape has reached a turning point for grocery retailers. With third-party cookies being phased out and customer acquisition costs climbing, your most valuable competitive asset isn't purchased data—it's the direct customer information you already collect through every transaction, loyalty scan, and app interaction. A unified grocery eCommerce platform enables independent grocers to capture, unify, and activate this first-party data across every customer touchpoint, creating the personalized experiences that 71% of consumers expect companies to deliver when planning purchases through digital channels.

Key Takeaways

  • First-party data represents retailers' most valuable competitive asset in the post-cookie era, providing authenticated insights that enable personalization impossible through purchased data sources
  • Progressive profiling strategies balance customer privacy with data value by collecting small amounts of information at relevant moments rather than overwhelming shoppers upfront
  • Unified data infrastructure integrating POS, loyalty, mobile, and web channels enables predictive personalization and measurable marketing ROI through incremental return on ad spend
  • Analysts project total U.S. retail media ad spend to surpass ~$120B mid-decade, with in-store formats growing quickly from a smaller base, driven primarily by first-party data access that enables privacy-safe targeting
  • Personalization has evolved from optional marketing tactic to competitive necessity, with modern consumers expecting seamless, "made-for-me" experiences across all retail touchpoints

1. What Is First-Party Data in Grocery Retail (And Why It Matters in 2025)

First-party data refers to information collected directly by retailers from their own customers and digital platforms. Unlike purchased third-party datasets, this includes browsing patterns, shopping lists, comprehensive order histories, and loyalty program data that's authenticated and tied to logged-in users—making it highly accurate for understanding genuine consumer behavior.

Why First-Party Data Matters Now:

The convergence of three market forces has elevated first-party data from nice-to-have to business-critical:

  • Third-party cookie deprecation eliminates traditional digital tracking methods retailers relied on for years
  • Rising customer acquisition costs make retaining existing customers through personalization more cost-effective than constantly acquiring new ones
  • Consumer privacy expectations demand transparent data practices that only first-party collection can satisfy

The ROI of First-Party Data for Independent Supermarkets:

Regional and independent grocers gain disproportionate advantages from first-party data strategies. While national chains invest millions in sophisticated infrastructure, smaller grocers can leverage machine learning and artificial intelligence that have leveled the playing field, making personalization scalable and effective without massive IT departments.

Your loyalty programs, POS systems, and shopper apps already function as treasure troves of insight. The competitive advantage belongs to grocers who can unify, analyze, and activate this data across all customer touchpoints.

2. Understanding Zero-Party Data and How Grocers Can Collect It

Zero-party data represents information customers intentionally and proactively share with your business—dietary restrictions, flavor preferences, household size, purchase intent, and occasion details. Unlike passively observed first-party data, zero-party data comes with explicit permission and context.

Zero-Party Data Collection Methods for Food Retailers:

  • Preference centers where customers voluntarily indicate dietary needs, favorite brands, and shopping frequency
  • Custom order forms that capture detailed specifications (cake decorations, meat cuts, meal preferences)
  • Product ratings and reviews providing feedback on taste, quality, and satisfaction
  • Surveys and quizzes offering personalized recommendations in exchange for preference data
  • Wish lists revealing purchase intent before customers complete transactions

The Bakery All-in-One solution demonstrates this perfectly: custom cake order forms naturally capture zero-party data on flavor preferences, dietary needs, and occasion details directly from customers who volunteer this information to receive exactly what they want.

Building Trust Through Transparent Data Requests:

Progressive profiling collects small data pieces over time, building detailed customer profiles with less friction. In the post-cookie era, requesting too much information from new customers can be off-putting. This method increases sign-ups and improves data quality by asking for information at relevant moments—birthday during checkout to offer a discount, dietary preferences when browsing specialty items, household size when purchasing bulk products.

3. When to Use Third-Party Data (And When to Avoid It)

Third-party data—purchased from brokers or aggregators—served grocery marketers well for years. That era is ending. Understanding when third-party data still adds value versus when it introduces more risk than reward separates strategic grocers from those wasting marketing budgets.

The Decline of Third-Party Cookies in Grocery Marketing:

Cookie deprecation fundamentally reshapes digital advertising. Traditional attribution models that tracked customers across websites collapse as browsers block third-party tracking. Demographic datasets purchased from data brokers face increasing accuracy challenges as collection methods deteriorate and privacy regulations tighten.

When Third-Party Data Still Makes Sense:

  • Initial market research for new locations or categories where you lack customer history
  • Demographic benchmarking to validate your first-party data accuracy
  • Competitive intelligence understanding broader market trends beyond your customer base

When to Avoid Third-Party Data:

  • Customer personalization where first-party data delivers superior accuracy and relevance
  • Attribution modeling where purchased data can't match transactions to individual customers
  • Privacy-sensitive applications where compliance risks outweigh potential benefits
  • Core marketing campaigns where return on ad spend depends on genuine incremental purchases

The strategic shift requires gradually transitioning customers from third-party platforms to proprietary solutions, reducing dependency on external marketplaces while building sustainable direct relationships.

4. Hyper-Personalization Strategies for Grocery Commerce Using First-Party Data

Personalization has evolved from marketing buzzword to competitive necessity. Modern consumers expect shopping experiences across all retail sectors to be seamless, "made-for-me," and responsive to their preferences. First-party data powers this transformation.

AI-Powered Product Substitutions Based on Customer History:

The Order Processing and Fulfillment System demonstrates practical hyper-personalization: AI-powered product substitutions can use first-party purchase data to recommend relevant alternatives when items are out of stock. Instead of generic replacements that disappoint customers, the system analyzes past purchases to suggest substitutes customers actually want—organic alternatives for health-conscious shoppers, premium brands for quality-focused customers, budget options for price-sensitive families.

Personalized Pricing Promotions for High-Value Shoppers:

The Retail Media CPG Platform enables personalized retail media advertising and pricing promotions based on customer purchase history and preferences. This approach enables grocers to:

  • Segment audiences by shopping behavior and value contribution
  • Identify high-value shoppers for exclusive offers that drive loyalty
  • Tailor promotions based on regular purchase patterns rather than blanket discounts
  • Target engagement through channels customers actually use—email, SMS, app notifications

Practical Hyper-Personalization Tactics:

  • Send notifications for frequently purchased products before customers run out
  • Provide personalized discounts on items customers buy regularly rather than random promotions
  • Generate curated shopping lists based on past orders and seasonal patterns
  • Recommend complementary products based on basket analysis
  • Adjust messaging tone and frequency based on customer engagement history

5. Data Privacy Compliance: GDPR, CCPA, and Grocery Retail in 2025

Privacy regulations represent table stakes, not optional compliance exercises. Grocery retailers must support customer data rights while building trust through transparent practices.

Building a Compliant Consent Framework for Grocery Data:

Effective consent management requires:

  • Clear opt-in mechanisms explaining exactly what data you collect and why
  • Privacy notices written in plain language customers actually understand
  • Granular controls allowing customers to choose what data they share
  • Easy opt-out processes respecting customer preferences without penalties

The Self-Ordering Kiosk Systems demonstrate compliance best practices: kiosks are designed with accessibility best practices (including ADA/Section 508 considerations and WCAG-derived UI guidance) and industry-standard security controls, ensuring inclusive, compliant data collection across all customer interactions.

Customer Data Rights Grocers Must Support:

  • Access rights: Customers can request copies of all data you hold about them
  • Deletion rights: Customers can request complete data removal (subject to legal retention requirements)
  • Portability rights: Customers can receive their data in transferable formats
  • Correction rights: Customers can update inaccurate information
  • Opt-out rights (CCPA/CPRA): Customers can opt out of sale or sharing of personal information
  • Limit use of sensitive information (CPRA): Customers can restrict use of sensitive personal data
  • Object and restrict processing (GDPR): Customers can object to or restrict certain data processing activities
  • Automated decision-making rights (GDPR): Customers can request human review of automated decisions

Essential Compliance Checklist:

  • Document clear data retention policies specifying how long you keep different data types
  • Implement role-based access controls limiting who can view customer data
  • Maintain audit trails tracking all data access and modifications
  • Establish breach protocols defining response procedures if data is compromised
  • Review vendor contracts ensuring third-party processors meet compliance standards

6. How to Capture First-Party Data Across Mobile, Kiosk, and Web Channels

Omnichannel data collection unifies customer profiles across every touchpoint where shoppers interact with your brand. Fragmented data creates fragmented experiences; unified data enables seamless personalization.

Using Self-Checkout Apps to Collect Rich Customer Data:

The Scan, Pay and Go Solution exemplifies sophisticated mobile data collection: customers self-checkout using their mobile phones in-store while the system collects detailed data on scan-while-shopping behavior, product preferences, in-store behavior patterns (sequence and timing of scanned items), and purchase timing. This creates far richer profiles than traditional POS transactions alone.

Data Captured Through Scan and Go:

  • Product browse patterns (what customers scan but don't purchase)
  • In-store behavior patterns (sequence and timing of scanned items)
  • Shopping session duration and frequency
  • Price sensitivity (promotion response rates)
  • Impulse purchase triggers (what drives unplanned additions)

Kiosk Data Collection: Best Practices for In-Store Touchpoints:

In-store kiosks capture unique behavioral data that mobile and web channels miss:

  • Menu browsing patterns for prepared food and deli orders
  • Customization preferences revealing detailed product specifications
  • Decision time indicating consideration levels for different product categories
  • Upsell responsiveness showing which suggestions drive incremental purchases

Unified Customer Profiles:

Omnichannel ecommerce solutions provide seamless integration across websites, mobile apps, and kiosks with enhanced data collection from all channels. The centralized management dashboard synchronizes all touchpoints, creating single customer views that enable:

  • Cross-device tracking without privacy-invasive third-party cookies
  • POS synchronization ensuring transaction data updates profiles in real-time
  • Progressive profiling accumulating data across multiple sessions and channels
  • Unified analytics revealing true customer lifetime value and engagement patterns

7. Thrive Market and Direct-to-Consumer Grocers: First-Party Data Case Studies

Direct-to-consumer grocery brands demonstrate first-party data strategies that independent retailers can adapt. Thrive Market, in particular, offers valuable lessons in preference-based curation and value-driven data collection.

How Thrive Market Uses Zero-Party Data for Curation:

Thrive Market's onboarding process collects extensive zero-party data through preference surveys asking customers about:

  • Dietary restrictions and preferences (vegan, paleo, keto, gluten-free)
  • Values-based priorities (organic, fair-trade, sustainable packaging)
  • Health goals (weight management, allergen avoidance, nutrition optimization)
  • Household composition (family size, ages, special needs)

This zero-party foundation enables Thrive to curate personalized storefronts where each customer sees products matching their exact preferences. The membership model creates value exchange: customers willingly share detailed preferences because they receive genuinely personalized shopping experiences in return.

Lessons from DTC Grocery Brands for Independent Retailers:

  • Start with value exchange: Give customers clear reasons to share preferences (better recommendations, exclusive offers, time savings)
  • Make data sharing optional but beneficial: Never require extensive information, but reward those who provide it
  • Act on preferences immediately: Show customers their data creates tangible improvements in their next shopping session
  • Build community engagement: Use shared values and preferences to create belonging beyond transactions
  • Communicate mission alignment: Connect customer preferences to larger purposes (sustainability, health, local economy)

Regional grocers possess inherent advantages national chains can't replicate: community connections and personal service. First-party data strategies let you bridge traditional strengths with the digital experiences consumers now demand.

8. Building Customer Loyalty Programs That Generate Zero-Party Data

Loyalty programs represent your most powerful zero-party data engine when designed correctly. Traditional programs focus on points and discounts; strategic programs use rewards as value exchange for preference data.

Incentivizing Preference Sharing Through Loyalty Rewards:

Design loyalty mechanics that reward data sharing:

  • Bonus points for completing preference surveys or updating dietary profiles
  • Exclusive access to products matching stated preferences before general availability
  • Personalized offers that improve in relevance as customers share more preferences
  • Tier benefits unlocking premium perks for customers who maintain complete profiles
  • Birthday rewards naturally collecting birth dates for age-appropriate marketing

Loyalty Program Integration with POS and Mobile Apps:

The Grocery eCommerce Platform integrates with loyalty systems and enables personalized customer experiences through push notifications that stay top of mind and drive repeat purchases. This integration ensures:

  • Real-time points accrual across all channels (in-store, online, app, kiosk)
  • Unified redemption allowing customers to use rewards anywhere
  • Preference synchronization applying stated preferences across all touchpoints
  • Behavioral tracking connecting loyalty member IDs to all purchase data

Gamification Elements That Drive Engagement:

  • Progress tracking showing customers how close they are to rewards
  • Challenges offering bonus points for trying new categories or products
  • Social features allowing customers to share achievements or recommendations
  • Personalized missions tailored to individual shopping patterns and goals

The most successful loyalty programs create value far beyond discounts—they build relationships where customers see their data improving every interaction with your brand.

9. Using AI and Predictive Analytics to Activate First-Party Grocery Data

Collecting first-party data creates potential; activating it through AI and predictive analytics delivers results. Advanced algorithms analyze purchase cycles, shopping behaviors, and past interactions to provide personalized recommendations at scale.

AI-Powered Inventory Management Based on Customer Purchase Patterns:

The Inventory Management Solutions with seamless POS integration and predictive AI support optimal stock levels using real-time inventory tracking and predictive stock analysis based on customer data. This approach:

  • Prevents stockouts of products high-value customers purchase regularly
  • Reduces waste by matching production to actual demand patterns
  • Optimizes assortment stocking products your specific customer base wants
  • Improves margins reducing emergency orders and clearance markdowns

Predictive Stock Analysis to Match Production to Demand:

AI models analyze historical purchase data to forecast demand with precision traditional methods can't match:

  • Seasonal patterns across multiple years identifying trends
  • Weather correlations linking sales to forecast data
  • Promotional lift predictions estimating discount impacts
  • New product modeling based on similar category performance
  • Customer lifetime value scoring prioritizing inventory for profitable segments

Data Enrichment and AI-Driven Insights:

The AI Grocery Data Fusion and Harmonization module utilizes advanced AI to enhance product data, minimize data discrepancy, and support improved inventory data quality for data-driven decision-making. This turns raw data into clean content that powers:

  • Next-best-product recommendations suggesting what customers should buy next
  • Churn prediction identifying customers at risk of switching to competitors
  • Propensity scoring ranking customers by likelihood to respond to specific offers
  • Basket analysis revealing which products sell together
  • Real-time decisioning personalizing experiences as customers shop

10. Monetizing First-Party Data Through Retail Media and CPG Partnerships

First-party data doesn't just improve customer experience—it creates new revenue streams through retail media networks that enable CPG brands to reach your customers through privacy-safe targeting.

Building a Retail Media Network for Independent Grocers:

Analysts project total U.S. retail media ad spend to surpass ~$120B mid-decade, with in-store formats growing quickly from a smaller base, and first-party data access underpinning retail media effectiveness. Independent grocers can participate in this opportunity through platforms designed for their scale.

The Retail Media CPG Platform enables grocers to earn money from CPG brands paying to advertise in-store and online through:

  • Personalized retail media advertising displayed in mobile apps based on customer preferences
  • In-app mobile advertising targeting high-value customers with relevant brand messages
  • Kiosk retail media showcasing sponsored products during self-service ordering
  • Notification campaigns delivering CPG offers through push messages customers opt into

CPG Brand Partnerships That Respect Customer Privacy:

Successful retail media balances advertiser needs with customer trust:

  • Privacy-safe targeting uses aggregated segments, not individual customer data
  • Closed-loop attribution measures campaign effectiveness without exposing personal information
  • Relevance filters ensure customers only see advertisements matching their preferences
  • Frequency caps prevent overwhelming customers with excessive promotional messages
  • Transparent disclosure clearly identifying sponsored content

Retail Media Revenue Potential:

  • CPG brands pay for sponsored product placements in search results and category pages
  • Featured positions in personalized recommendations generate premium rates
  • Audience targeting based on first-party segments commands higher CPMs than generic display
  • Attribution proving incremental sales justifies ongoing brand partnerships

11. Data Enrichment and Harmonization

Turning Raw Data Into Actionable Insights

Raw data from POS systems, loyalty programs, and online channels arrives in inconsistent formats with varying quality levels. Data harmonization consolidates these sources into unified, actionable intelligence.

Integrating POS, ERP, and Catalog Data for Unified Profiles:

The AI Grocery Data Fusion module seamlessly integrates and harmonizes data from multiple sources, turns raw data into clean content, and accelerates store onboarding with AI-driven accuracy. This addresses common challenges:

  • Duplicate resolution: Identifying when different product codes represent the same item
  • Taxonomy alignment: Mapping category structures across different systems
  • Attribute enrichment: Adding nutritional information, allergen data, and product images
  • Data normalization: Standardizing formats, units, and naming conventions
  • Quality scoring: Identifying incomplete or inaccurate records requiring attention

Real-Time Data Sync Across Multiple Store Locations:

Multi-location grocers face particular complexity synchronizing inventory, customer data, and product information across stores. Effective harmonization enables:

  • Unified customer profiles recognizing the same shopper across different locations
  • Consolidated loyalty points reflecting all purchases regardless of store
  • Centralized product catalogs maintaining consistency while allowing local variations
  • Real-time inventory visibility showing accurate availability across all locations
  • Master data management ensuring changes propagate to all systems automatically

The Data Quality Imperative:

The most successful first-party data strategies are not isolated tactics but components of a unified data value chain. Your goal is creating seamless information flow from collection at interaction points to activation in marketing channels.

12. First-Party Data Governance: Ownership, Security, and Retention Policies

Data governance establishes frameworks ensuring your first-party data remains secure, compliant, and valuable. Without governance, data assets become liabilities.

Securing Customer Data Across Mobile, Web, and In-Store Channels:

The Last Mile Delivery Management platform provides complete data ownership and white-labeled customer experience with industry standard security protocols across delivery operations. This approach extends to all customer data:

  • Encryption standards: Data encrypted in transit and at rest
  • Access controls: Role-based permissions limiting who can view customer information
  • Vendor contracts: Data processing agreements ensuring third parties maintain security
  • Breach protocols: Defined response procedures if data is compromised
  • Audit logs: Complete tracking of all data access and modifications

Defining Data Retention Policies for Grocery Retailers:

Retention policies balance business needs with privacy obligations:

  • Active customer data: Retain as long as customer relationship continues plus reasonable period
  • Inactive customer data: Define dormancy thresholds (typically 12-24 months without purchases)
  • Transaction records: Maintain for legal/accounting requirements (varies by jurisdiction)
  • Marketing preferences: Update when customers communicate changes
  • Deleted data: Purge completely when customers exercise deletion rights

Data Controller Clarity:

As data controller, you retain contractual rights to use and export customer data, not platform vendors or service providers. Ensure contracts explicitly state:

  • You retain all rights to customer data collected through vendor platforms
  • You can export complete data sets in standard formats
  • Vendors cannot use your data to benefit other clients or for their own purposes
  • Data deletion from vendor systems occurs promptly after contract termination

Governance creates the foundation for sustainable first-party data strategies that build customer trust while delivering business results.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between first-party data and zero-party data in grocery retail?

First-party data represents information retailers observe through customer interactions—browsing behavior, purchase history, shopping frequency, and loyalty participation. Zero-party data is information customers intentionally share—dietary restrictions, flavor preferences, household size, and purchase intent. First-party data is passively collected; zero-party data is actively volunteered. Retailers act as data controllers for first- and zero-party data they collect, processing it under a valid legal basis (e.g., consent, contract, legitimate interest) and honoring data subject rights, unlike third-party data purchased from external sources.

How can small grocery stores collect first-party data without a large IT team?

Start by auditing existing data sources you already have: loyalty programs, POS systems, email lists, and any mobile apps. Most small grocers possess valuable data that remains underutilized. Unified commerce platforms consolidate these sources without requiring extensive IT resources. Progressive profiling—requesting small amounts of information at natural moments like checkout or account creation—builds comprehensive profiles over time without overwhelming customers or staff. Cloud-based solutions handle technical complexity, allowing small teams to focus on using data rather than managing infrastructure.

Is third-party data still useful for grocery retailers in 2025?

Third-party data has limited utility in 2025 compared to previous years. It remains somewhat useful for initial market research when entering new categories or locations where you lack customer history, and for demographic benchmarking to validate your first-party data accuracy. However, avoid third-party data for customer personalization (where first-party data delivers superior results), attribution modeling (where purchased data can't match individual transactions), and core marketing campaigns requiring measurable incremental ROI. The strategic priority is building first-party data capabilities rather than depending on increasingly unreliable external sources.

What are the most important data privacy laws grocery retailers must comply with?

GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) governs customer data for any EU residents shopping with your business, even if your stores are located elsewhere. CCPA (California Consumer Privacy Act) applies to California residents and establishes rights including data access, deletion, and opt-out from data sales. Both regulations require clear consent mechanisms, transparent privacy notices, customer data access upon request, and deletion capabilities. Compliance isn't optional—violations carry substantial penalties. Focus on transparent data practices, explicit opt-in consent, granular customer controls, and documented retention policies that apply regardless of specific jurisdiction.

How can grocers use first-party data to compete with Amazon Fresh and Instacart?

Major platforms have scale, but independent grocers have advantages Amazon can't replicate: community connections, product curation expertise, and direct customer relationships. Use first-party data to deliver hyper-personalized experiences that recognize individual customers, their preferences, and their purchase patterns. Gradually transition customers from third-party marketplaces to your owned platforms by offering exclusive loyalty rewards, lower or eliminated fees, and personalized service that makes customers feel known. Amazon optimizes for efficiency; you can optimize for relationships. First-party data powers this differentiation by enabling you to anticipate customer needs, provide relevant recommendations, and create shopping experiences that feel personal rather than algorithmic.

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